News today that members of Congress, including Nancy Pelosi, failed to protest when they were briefed about waterboarding and other harsh techniques of interrogation five years ago recalls the disturbing Milgram experiments of the 1960s.
A Yale professor wanted to find out how much pain people would inflict on others for what they believed to be a good cause.
“Stark authority was pitted against the subjects’ strongest moral imperatives against hurting others,” Prof. Stanley Milgram reported, “and, with the subjects’ ears ringing with the screams of the victims, authority won more often than not. The extreme willingness of adults to go to almost any lengths on the command of an authority constitutes the chief finding of the study and the fact most urgently demanding explanation.”
We still don’t know the answer to that question, which was originally raised in an effort to see behind the Eichmann defense for Nazi atrocities during World War War II, “I was only following orders.” But we should keep trying to find out.
Today’s revelation about waterboarding further underscores how dicey individual morality can become under social pressure. According to the Washington Post, “officials present during the meetings described the reaction as mostly quiet acquiescence, if not outright support.
“‘Among those being briefed, there was a pretty full understanding of what the CIA was doing,’ said [Porter] Goss, who chaired the House intelligence committee from 1997 to 2004 and then served as CIA director from 2004 to 2006. ‘And the reaction in the room was not just approval, but encouragement.'”
Read more on my blog.